There are few chemical love affairs quite like the one between Homo sapiens and caffeine. This ubiquitous methylxanthine alkaloid is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug, providing stimulation and wakefulness to hundreds of millions of people daily. Caffeine is well-tolerated by the body, provides mild cognitive enhancement, and has been demonstrated to provide beneficial effects on health conditions ranging from ADHD to Parkinson's. This wide range of benefits and lack of drawbacks have conspired to make caffeine the rare drug that is legal, socially acceptable, and indeed essential for many daily rituals around the world.
The United States is no exception. Americans drink some 517 million cups of caffeinated coffee a day, according to a 2022 study by the National Coffee Association. But save for a few specialty products - such as Kona coffee grown in Hawaii or limited supplies of Camellia sinensis (Asian) tea from South Carolina - the overwhelming majority of caffeinated products are imported into America.
And these crops come with some major drawbacks. Coffee is a thirsty plant, often requiring significant irrigation to grow; a study of Dutch coffee consumption in 2014 estimated that a single cup of coffee takes 140 liters of water to produce. And tea, while comparatively less thirsty, frequently causes widespread deforestation in many of the tropical countries where it's grown, such as Kenya and Sri Lanka. Additional drawbacks to these massively popular crops include toxic runoff from nitrogen fertilizer and biodiversity loss.
Then there's the shipping. Brazil is the top importer of coffee into the United States, sending 344,000 tons of the black stuff into America in 2023 (according to the International Trade Center). At 10 grams of carbon emitted per metric ton of cargo shipped 1 mile (according to Vox), that's just under 30,000 metric tons of carbon emitted annually to ship that volume of coffee between Rio de Janeiro and New York City. That's equivalent to the emissions from burning 3.3 million gallons of gasoline, 70,000 barrels of oil, or 164 railcars' worth of coal.
Add in the shipping from other major coffee suppliers to the United States like Colombia or Vietnam, or the significant shipments of tea and maté from major growers like India and Argentina, and it becomes abundantly clear that America's caffeine habit has some significant effects on the environment. Fortunately, a solution exists: yaupon holly. Yaupon holly is conscious caffeine: growing abundantly throughout the American Southeast, requiring no overseas importation. The vast majority of yaupon is organic and regeneratively-grown, requires no fertilizer or water beyond rainwater, and supports small family-run American farms.
Yaupon also has a host of health benefits compared to tea & coffee: a lighter caffeine content (50% of tea, 25% of coffee), a lack of teeth-staining tannins, and a host of polyphenols & antioxidants to fuel Americans' busy lifestyles. And of course, we think it tastes pretty good too! Learn more about delicious ways to prepare yaupon, or read more into the link between yaupon and its South American cousin yerba maté. Happy sipping!